The Cover Exchange
Toyohira P.O.Box 2
Sapporo 062-8691
JAPAN

Tel.: ++81-11-854-3623
Fax: ++81-11-859-6623

- East Asia's only worldwide postal history dealer -


 

HOW TO CONSIGN COVERS FOR AUCTION !

Some useful advice for the cover vendor

Every week quite a few auctions, every day catalogs in the mail - the market is bustling. But the decision on how and where to sell one's treasure - or a part thereof - isn't all that easy, especially, if you're looking for the right auction house. There's many a question that can be discussed and largely must be discussed prior to making a consignment, in order to avoid any trouble later. We just try to give an overview on questions you should ask yourself and the auctioneer of your choice - and we also supply the answers right away...




Is it adviseable to consign to a company overseas?

Most definitely. The world has become a village, and many auction houses - especially those, that, like us, are active on many markets and able to communicate in a variety of languages, do not restrict themselves to just one country. Goods will have to clear customs. It's not much of a hassle on this side, and any fees payable will be taken care of by the auctioneer, since he can offset VAT / Sales Tax paid at the point of entry from his own tax bill. Just the customs procedures vary from country to country. We have prepared a small page explaining the details for shipments to Japan which will probably answer some of your questions.
And in Japan, things like postage & printing are not that expensive, and taxes are much cheaper than in other countries, which decreases the pressure on us!


A super luxury color catalog - it it really THE thing?

No! Let's look at it from the other end - top notch items in superb condition can also be sold at top prices without "representation" ! All that's needed is a database of wealthy and keen buyers (which we have...), and a few well-placed ads in philatelic magazines. Things will move automatically then... Of course, a color catalog looks nice, and you will like to add it to your library. But a color catalog also means heavily increased cost pressure, and this factor shouldn't be underestimated!



Is the quantity of catalogs mailed an important factor?

Only partially! Of course, it sounds nice if one can claim to mail some 12,000 catalogs to philatelists worldwide (and with a direct dial fax number for clients from Japan, it sounds even nicer...). And also, if one can claim to receive some 3,000 bid sheets on those 12,000 catalogs. Nice? Well, these figures would also mean, that 75% of the catalog's print run would be wasted, and another, more important figure can be calculated, the return quota. Only 25% of the catalogs' recipients have mailed bids, i.e. it took four catalogs to obtain one bid sheet, only one in four reacted - a return quota of just 25%...
For us, things look different. Though the total number of catalogs mailed remains our little secret, known only to us and to our printer, we can claim to have a return quota of 36% as per March 25, 2000, and still rising!! This is due to our policy to mail catalogs only to seriously interested philatelists, regular buyers and those we estimate to be regular buyers. Statistically, it takes us less than three catalogs to obtain one bid sheet. And about half of our bidders are regular bidders, submitting bids for every single sale! Thus we ensure, that we don't waste thousands of catalogs...



What about the charges?

Steadily rising printing and postage costs have their bad influence on buyers' and vendors' commissions. Adding up to the problem is the growing number of "circular lots" being sent around by their owners from auction house to auction house and remaining unsold due to their condition or to exaggerated limits. And every single lot is a cost factor to the auction house. Let's do some maths. Let's assume, a company produces and mails a catalog with some 5,000 lots, many on photo plates, some even in color photo plates. Total printing is 10,000 catalogs, and each catalog costs $16 for printing and mailing (not unusual for Europe, at least), a very conservative estimation. Just the net costs for printing and mailing, excluding office rent, personnel, phone, fax, office supplies, car etc., add up to $160,000! And this, before even the first bid sheet is in, not to talk about payments... This kind of money has to be put up by the auction house upfront! This translates into per-lot costs of $32, whether sold or not, whether just a "BID" lot, or a $10,000 item - every lot causes $32 expenses just for printing and mailing!! Ever thought about it?
At this point, it might become understandable, that auction houses are not necessarily interested in small lots, they even can't be for obvious reasons! Those expenses have to be covered somehow! If the auctioneer takes 12.5% fees from each side, then he'll have to achieve a turnover goal of about $640,000! Well, it's quite obvious, that just a bunch of small lots won't achieve this goal!
To sell top notch items at top notch prices (provided, all lots are genuine and in superb condition) isn't really much of a problem, as we could see earlier. Most German auction houses know that and are able to charge between 15% and 18% buyer's premium. In other countries, premiums are lower, sometimes even non-existent. Some US houses do not charge a buyer's commissions, some only 10% vendor's commissions - on the other hand, lots are rarely limited, so everything sells, whereas in Germany, the vendor usually has the opportunity to set a minimum starting price. This also has a negative influence on the total percentage of lots sold, but might prove useful as a protection against selling off items below value. Especially US vendors are well off in Europe, since most business is done in Germany with its high level market prices. Some other houses in the US and the UK charge no buyers' commission, but a hefty vendors' commission, in order to discourage from consigning and encourage to sell for outright cash - which leaves the risk, but also all the profit in the auctioneer's hands...
Up to you to decide. But watch out! "No vendors' fee!", "Low vendors' commission" etc. might prove as disappointing as those $10,000 Scott CV lots for $298. Cheapies ain't always goodies... What if the turnover necessary to cover expenses isn't reached, just because a couple of regular & wealthy bidders had spent their money elsewhere? Only $400,000 instead of $640,000? Bad news for vendors! The Post Office won't extend any credit for postage, and the printers will want to see their money real fast, especially, if the auctioneer wants dated catalogs printed in time! This leaves the vendors...
Well, don't get laid just by "super terms" for vendors! Try to estimate instead an auctioneer's expenses and his ability to cover them with his commission charges.
Unsold lot fees or lotting fees in general - more and more companies, ours among them, charge a certain fee for each and every consigned lot, whether sold or not. This is to ensure, that at least a small fraction of the expenses is covered, and to make consignments exclusively consisting of small lots (which will cause the auctioneer comparatively large expenses without any return) unattractive. As a "small consignor", one might critisize this, but it's at no point greed, that is behind this decision! It's the all-present pressure to cover expenses! An auction catalog is not a price list for US MNH, where each stamp is quoted once, but sold a dozen or even a few hundred times until the next list appears. Pressure to cover expenses for a simple price list is much, much lower than for an auction catalog. Just a simple mail strike, as it happened in Germany in summer 1994, would show, how vulnerable auctioneers are! If catalogs are delivered too late, they're worthless for the auctioneer - he might as well make a donation to the IRS...
Our postage and printing expenses are very low, compared with other companies! On one hand, low overall expenses in Japan, on the other hand, a strict policy putting practical considerations above "representative" considerations. Our catalogs contain an average of 1,000 lots, with about 25% of them on photo tables (using hi-tech equipment, we are able to trim reproduction expenses to the absolute minimum!), and each catalog has a gross weight of 100 grs. (10% more lots would mean a postage bill increased by a good 25%!!). Correct & precise descriptions and prompt mailing of photostats requested by seriously interested philatelists are of much more importance to us than expensive photos on top quality luxury paper, and thus our printing & postage expenses per lot offered are just around US$3!





What about the sales quota?

Sales figures, especially for the total number of lots sold, are to be looked at with care! Such kind of figures, especially for mail auctions, are extremely difficult to check! We don't advertise huge figures for good reasons - it's not because we can't sell, but because it's difficult to compare! We don't offer stamps & sets, neither job lots. Those would have a positive influence on the number of lots sold. We also allow, in accordance with the way this is handled in Central Europe and Japan, our vendors to place limits on their lots, which further lowers the chances of a lot to get sold. For postal history, it's a completely different ballgame, since they can't be jugded with "percentage of CV". You love it, you bid on it. You don't like (or you even overlook) it, you ignore it. There's hardly any comparative method of calculating in % of CV. A well-known German journalist confirmed, that our sales figures compare very well to other companies, but we'll keep it for ourselves. But - we can say, that our vendors sell up to 100% of their lots, depending on what they consign...


What is suitable to be consigned?

And this is one of the main questions you should ask as a vendor! Everything, that is outside the scope of standard material is suitable to be consigned to auction. This concerns high value or unusual frankings, rare postmarks, scarce rates, hard-to-find destinations, postal markings, and items of historical interest. It should be noted, that material of your country sells better in your country, than elsewhere. A US collector should consign his US covers to us only then, if they bear any foreign markings, such as censors or due markings. His German and Japanese covers, however, sell much better here than in the US!
Also, rather common items, collector-made covers etc. are not suitable for auction and should be sold for cash. Absolutely unsuitable are covers with heavy faults (i.e. graded lower than F-VF) which cannot be excused with "usual tear and wear" to be found on postally used covers. Also, you should refrain from consigning items that have been altered, repaired, or partially or entirely been faked. The latter are for the garbage bin, the former for low-level auction houses - not for us! Our strict refusal of such inferior quality material has lead to one of the lowest return quotas among auctioneers worldwide - several auctions without any lot returned by the buyer, and the others with far less than 1% of lots sold returned by the buyer (usually between 0.3% and 0.5%!!). Each lot returned by the buyer means trouble and excessive administrative work for the auctioneer (and - more important - means a dissatisfied customer, who will eventually spread the word...), and such returns are one of the main reasons for quarrels between auctioneer and vendor, which are thus avoided before occuring, thanks to our strict refusal of 2nd choice lots! It's also one of the main reasons why we don't offer job lots or collections - such lots would sell more easily than single items, but many bidders are inconsciously hoping for the "big find", or assuming that a certain job lot will contain certain items. Whether this is wishful thinking, or a justified assumption, can't be said, but those assumptions and hopes are more often than not followed by heavy disappointments, and disappointments mean trouble, and trouble we don't want...
As we have now seen, what is suitable to be consigned, and what is not, let's discuss another important question:



How to fix start prices?

Before asking this question, another one needs to be answered - well, it's well understood that you will want to sell at the highest possible price, but: Do you really want to sell, or do you just want to see what happens, to "test the market"? If the latter is the case, you may comfortably set high limits - if you don't mind selling just a few lots and having the rest back with just expenses on both sides... If you are seriously thinking about selling with the goal of turning over as many lots as possible at real market prices, then you should set your limits low, or even leave it to the auctioneer. A lot with a high start price (i.e. close to or above market value) will make bidders refrain from bidding, but a low start price will draw many bids above start price and eventually be knocked down at a price the vendor wouldn't have dreamed of... One more piece of advice: You shouldn't hope for selling at a "minimum profit" plus interest for the time the lot has been in your possession. Even real (=full-time) professionals have a hard time doing so, since a lot of time goes into studying literature, auction results, market movements etc. - it's about as easy as making a fortune on the stock market... Only a handful of professional auction vendors ever reached the stage, where they could make a living out of buying and selling stamps and covers at auction... And if it's speculation, you should also be prepared to take the pain in case of a bad deal (you overpaid a lot, an auction house goes bankrupt etc.etc.). And if you're really calculating on the basis of your purchase price plus minimum profit plus interest for the investment, you should consider an outright cash sale! Anyway - the lower the start price, the higher the incentive for bidders to place a bid!



What about the results?

Phantastic results are in 99% of all cases possible only for really outstanding material! A list with results exceeding start prices by far is to be looked at with utmost care - to throw a sheet of $5 Prexies and a few MNH Zepps into a box filled with cheap kiloware, describe it as a "US job lot with high potential", put a $100 start price on it, knock it down at several 1,000% above start price and then largely and widely publish this result without giving details about the contents of the lot isn't exactly phantastic, but it's just a cheap trick! And depending on the contents of the "job lot", the hammer might even have fallen much too early...
Our experience is, that most lots are sold between 80% and 150% of our estimations, some a bit lower, some even much higher! We don't publish result lists and have a good reason for that - apart from seriously interested parties, quite a lot of folks need those results in order to have a guideline for putting prices on their material for sale to third parties. We can hardly expect any benefits (say, consignments or bids ) for us from those people, so we don't want to work for them. Our solution is to give every bidder the results for every lot he bids on. Any other results can be had for a SAE plus $1 postage (MNH stamps o.k.).



How much will I be charged?

We have some simple guidelines. We don't require our vendors to make minimum consignments. Not everybody is able to pack $5,000 worth of covers into a small parcels and ship it. It's just that each lot must have a certain value high enough for a minimum start price of 1,000 Japanese Yen (approx. $10) - but we recommend to consign lots at least two or three times as valuable as just $10 and to consign small items only, if there is a matching balance of $100+ items coming along with them. We'll explain later, why this would be because of your own benefit, and not because of our greed... Our commission is just 10.5% of the hammer total of a consignment. A lotting fee of 105 Yen (about $1) will be charged for each lot, whether sold or not. We will also charge return postage for lots returned as unsuitable prior to the sale, and for lots returned as unsold after the sale, and we will also charge fees for certification of lots, where certifications appears to be necessary to prove genuineness. There are no, repeat: no additional costs, fees, commissions and / or charges on top of those mentioned before, except if a vendor requests that his consignment be partially or entirely returned prior to the sale we have scheduled for it. Those conventional penalties, as they are referred to in Europe, are detailed in our vendors' terms. Why these provisions have to be made? Well, it is well possible, that a vendor might change his mind and think, that he can do better elsewhere. And we would have done all the work to prepare his lots for sale (input, inventory, description, and also postage &printing for the catalog). It might sound understandable, when we say, that we don't want to see all this effort go down the drain for free... Even less so, when we have to explain to a bidder, that a lot he was really keen to buy had been withdrawn...



When is the best time to consign?

With our monthly auctions, we don't set any closing dates for consignments, for a plain and simple reason: Every auction company publishing entry deadlines will have most of the incoming consigments around and after that deadline, and this is due to two groups of people. One group consists of those, who (wrongly!) think they'd save time and money by sending their material to the auction house with the next available deadline, disregarding anything else. The second group pins all hopes on the fact, that during the hassle between entry deadline and the day, when the catalog has to be at the printer's, garbage, faults and even fakes wouldn't be noticed as easily. The first group is wrong for the same reason that the second pins its hopes on - there's really a lot being overlooked during that hassle between two deadlines! Carefully describing a lot when there are still 1,500 lots to go to meet a deadline the day after tomorrow, isn't exactly possible... The auctioneer or his describer will overlook details and ignore facts, that would otherwise lead to a better realisation for a lot when correctly pointed out & described! Thus very important: Give the auctioneer time along with your lots! The more time he's got, the more carefully he can work on your consignment, and the better your result will be! If you want your money real fast, and if you're always short of time, then you should never, never, never consign material to an auction, but instead opt for a quick cash deal, the cash being payable by means of a nice bunch of $100 bills at the very moment, when the goods are handed over... Highest possible profit and instant cash hardly come together, even though they're always promised... Maximum realization requires time, and instant cash means less money (and cash advances for consignments aren't for free...). You will have to make up your mind here.



How long will my lots remain at the auction house?

It's different, but it's in your own hands. Most vendors' terms prescribe, that the lots remain in the auctioneer's hands for a certain period of time after the sale to serve late bids, mail problems, plainly ignored deadlines, and also to give those bidders a chance to purchase, when most or all of their bids were in vain. This period is usually two or three weeks after the sale. The vendor can usually instruct the auctioneer, whether the lots are to be returned immediately, or whether they should be put into a subsequent sale. We usually keep each lot only for one sale and then hand it back.



When can payment be expected?

Usually about four to five weeks after a sale. The final day of settlement is determined by a variety of factors. It's of crucial importance how quickly successful bidders settle their accounts - it's not always happening within the time frame requested by the auctioneer, and other factors also have an influence, such as lengthy clearance periods for personal checks from North America, which are credited only after three or four weeks to a European account. Some buyers request terms, others want a certificate for a specific lot, and others ask for postponed shipments due to absence. If there is no follow-up consignment from a vendor to allow the auctioneer to cover any unpaid lots, or to allow for deduction of lots returned by the buyer, the auctioneer will usually withhold payment until every lot is fully paid for and return privileges have expired. Regular vendors are usually paid after four to five weeks in full, even if there are unpaid lots. Ads promising speedy settlement are thus not always to be taken seriously. You should definitely instruct your auctioneer to obtain your permission first before granting extended payment terms to buyers.
It might also happen that an auction doesn't reap the results expected, and that the auctioneer might be in trouble - see expenses as mentioned earlier... Our policy is to rather not knock a lot down, than to sell to someone who, after conclusion of a sale, would not pay before receiving several reminders, or who even would not pay at all. This policy helps to keep problems arising from slow payments at a limit. Our vendors receive immediately after the sale a provisional credit note for their purchases from us. This credit note helps avoiding bank fees and hassle from making multiple payments in both directions. It will not be necessary to pay your $200 auction bill, if your consignment realizes more than $200 net, and you won't be requested to pay your $500 auction bill prior to finalization of your consigment account, even if it's just $150.



What about bank charges etc. for settlement?

A problem arises here for our bidders from outside Europe. European and Japanese bidders usually hold a postal giro account, enabling us to remit payment at no cost for either side. Also, if you hold a bank account in Germany or Luxembourg, payment will be at no cost for either side. For all other forms of payment, charges depend on the method of payment you opt for. Postal money orders are basically the cheapest method at about $4 per transaction. Bank remittances, cashier's checks and bank money orders regularly incur at least $25 as charges on our end, which we are afraid to have to pass on (and which can be waived on consignments realising more than $2,000 for a single sale). Cash can be sent by registered or insured mail, provided, we obtain the vendor's consent and a guarantee in writing, that he accepts the risk of theft or loss in transit. The alternative for small con-signments would be to use the proceeds for purchases from us, or even for purchases from other Japanese or Central European stamp dealers - you'd kill two birds with one stone: No hassle for payments to and from Japan and/or Europe and no charges for expensive bank transactions. Our computer will keep track of it all! We admit, that for the small and one-time consignor, bank fees are a major reason for not considering us as a partner, but an auction company in one of the Anglo-Saxon countries. But please keep in mind, that many German dealers buy from those houses at a big profit for themselves, only to resell the material on the German market. The same applies to Swiss, Swedish, Danish, Japanese, Thai and other dealers, serving their own home markets. So why don't you secure a share of those dealers' profits for yourself? Bank charges will eventually be offset and exceeded by a difference in net realisation, so it's worthwhile to risk $20 postage and $25 bank fees, if you have the chance to reap a $200 higher profit, isn't it?



Why is it disadvantageous to consign many small lots?

Very easy - to avoid unproportionally high charges! Imagine, you consign 100 lots, out of which 50 are sold. Total estimate is $350, and the 50 lots sold bring in $200. This would mean 10.5% commission, coming to $21. Leaves $179 for you. On top of this, we'll deduct $1 per lot for a total of 100 lots = $100. Leaves just $79 in your favor. Return postage will be around $15, which leaves a net realization of $64 in your favor, from which you will have to calculate your own postage expenses. Think first, whether this will be worth it!! If you have got just small lots for sale, you should think of selling for cash. Of course, you'll hardly sell everything in one big lot, but for the items you sell, you'll have no expenses and no risk! And - it is really a rare occasion that a lot starts at $10 and is knocked down for $200...
Let's look at the same account with higher class lots. Now it's the same 100 lots, but they start at $3,500. 50 lots are sold at a total of $2,000, and our commission will be only 10.5%, just $210. The lot fees will stay unchanged at $100 for 100 lots, and return postage also unchanged at $15. Total deductions will be $325 out of $2,000, which is a far better relationship than $136 out of $200! And the higher the gross realization of your consignment is, the better these figures get! Precondition for a good net realization is not only the auctioneer's ability to sell your lots, but unconditional precondition for a handsome gross realization with as few deductions as possible is a high value consignment with lots at reasonable start prices.



Can we negociate the charges?

Sorry, we can't! Our expenses are rather fixed, and we won't be able to talk our printer, the post office or our landlord into lower charges, even if we were their best clients. We would also endanger our solid financial basis, if we started to negociate commission rates! And the standard phrase "I'll have more and better stuff, if you..." won't work with us - as it hardly works within anybody else!! If a vendor is certain to obtain better terms elsewhere, then he is kindly asked to try his luck elsewhere (and to take higher risks - see chapter "expenses"... - and maybe lower profits due to a not-so-well-off clientele. Please think of the $10,000 Scott CV job lot for $298... Not all that's cheap is also worth its money...).



What about references?

Some people display a huge list of references and memberships on their letterheads - and still they go bankrupt... We're members of the Japanese Philatelic Society (JPS), Tokyo, and also of the Yokohama Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and we intend to stay for a while...




How to consign?

Depending on the value of your consignment, registered or insured airmail would do the job. SAL is advisable for consignments exceeding a gross weight of 4lbs. Please also take a look at our "shipment advice" page.

What to watch out for:

  • Stable and solid packing is a must! It is not advisable to just throw things into a card-bord box and mail it without any further protection!
  • Never announce, that more and better is to follow in case of a satisfactory first deal. Even if this were to be the case - so many people, who are not in the possession of more material (not to talk of better material...), are currently using this phrase, that no one be-lieves it any more, just to the contrary!! Real professionals, whose objective really is to test out a new business partner, would never talk big or give notice. A first consignment of such a real pro would consist of few, but nevertheless first class lots! Consignments from a "wannabeapro" can easily be recognised by the material's low level, inferior quality and absolutely inappropriate claims of the vendor...
  • You really should check the expenses of an auctioneer in order to estimate the risk you are running. Every auction consignment is a potential risk, as is your daily drive to work. The latter might end up in an accident even for the most experienced driver, and the former might end up with a bankrupt auctioneer. This means, keep your risks low, check an auctioneer's fixed expenses, (postage, printing, rent, personnel etc.) and put them against his estimated commission income. This is even more important, as the number of auction and mail bid sale companies keeps growing, as are public charges and overall expenses, but with a dwindling number of "fresh" lots on the market.
  • Prepare your consignment as carefully as possible and point out specialties to your auctioneer. No auctioneer is an allround man!
  • Prepare a detailed list of consigned items and keep a copy for yourself. Cross-check the details with the lists supplied by the auctioneer prior and after a sale. Just one unintentionally wrongly pushed button may assign one of your lots to another vendor, or even may assign a totally wrong start price. You can assist correcting such mistakes, and your auctioneer will forever be grateful!
  • Avoid consigning manipulated lots or forgeries - it's in your own interest! Among reputable auction firms, detailed informations about consignments containing such trash, and also about the vendors, are circulating! If you do not want that a certain item be submitted for certification because of an unpleasant result - keep it for yourself and don't consign it to us!!
  • Don't forget your correct address, your fax & phone nos., a signed copy of the vendors' terms, and detailed payment instructions.
  • Consign only lots, that are your property, or for which you have the unlimited right of disposal. Why? If there is a third party owner unkown to the auctioneer, the auctioneer will be home free, but the vendor might get himself into deep trouble, up to being made subject of a prosecution for fraud, initiated by the owner. Why we're telling you this? Unfortunately, there are quite a few people around, who consign items bought from third parties, but still unpaid, hoping, that an auction realization will cover the purchase price to be paid to those third party owners. If this game goes lost, our vendor is in deep trouble. An auctioneer has to rely on the vendor's declaration of ownership resp. of his right of disposal.





What about foreign exchange risks?

The Yen is not pegged to any of the major currencies, leaving it as vulnerable on the global ForEx market as the Greenback. Any limits you might want to set for your lots in your currency will in most cases be converted to the auctioneer's local currency at the date, when work on the lots starts. This must be borne in mind when setting any limits. If, in the end, the auctioneer's currency appreciates between the day of entry and the day of settlement, it will work out in your favor. A depreciation will work against you. 5% should be allowed for "rate fluctuation" in your calculations - in most cases, this works out just fine, since Yen, Deutschemark and the Greenback aren't any toy money that some banana republic freak prints at will...



What happens at The Cover Exchange ?

  1. After receipt of your consignment, it is checked for damages and contents. A receipt is sent out to you the same day. You might want to attach a return receipt to your consignment to check arrival.
  2. Your consignment will, in strict order of arrival, be prepared for the next available sale, which is not necessarily the next one on the calendar. If a sale is already "fully booked", your lots will be prepared for a subsequent sale. This also ensures careful work on your lots.
  3. Prior to the sale, we will return any lots considered unsuitable.
  4. The catalog will be mailed about four weeks (in summer five weeks) prior to a sale. Your copy will have a detailed list of your consignment with lot numbers and start prices attached.
  5. The sale's deadline is the last Monday of the month. Invoices are mailed the following day, and so are lists of your preliminary results. A provisional credit note will be enclosed, so that your own purchases need not to be paid for right away.
  6. Settlement starts four weeks after the sale. For items unpaid by the buyers, our computer will check every day after booking of payments and initiate payment after complete receipt of outstanding monies. We're as honest as to inform our vendors of any probable delays, instead of keeping low profile and waiting for the vendor to get upset!
  7. Together with your account statement, you will receive any unsold lots.
  8. And since you will be perfectly satisfied, we'll be happy to work on your subsequent consignments...


Thanks in advance for your confidence, and we're looking forward to hearing from you!

Here you'll find our vendor's terms.

And here you'll get back to our English index page.